英国通用数据保护条例

简称：UK GDPR

法规信息
  • 国家/地区：英国
  • 法规类别：核心数据保护
  • 法规文号：2020年修订保留EU法规(EU)2016/679
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法规简介

英国脱欧后以国内法形式保留的GDPR，构成英国数据保护体系的基石。规定数据处理七项原则（合法公平透明、目的限制、数据最小化、准确性、存储限制、完整性与保密性、问责制），赋予数据主体访问权、更正权、删除权（被遗忘权）、限制处理权、数据可携权、反对权等。适用于英国境内个人数据的处理，ICO为独立监管机构，罚款最高可达1750万英镑或年营业额4%。

Changes to legislation:

Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 22 September 2026. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Help about Changes to Legislation

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Changes to Legislation

Revised legislation carried on this site may not be fully up to date. Changes and effects are recorded by our editorial team in lists which can be found in the ‘Changes to Legislation’ area. Where those effects have yet to be applied to the text of the legislation by the editorial team they are also listed alongside the affected provisions when you open the content using the Table of Contents below.

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  1. Introductory Text

  2. CHAPTER I General provisions

    1. Article 1.Subject-matter and objectives

    2. Article 2.Material scope

    3. Article 3.Territorial scope

    4. Article 4.Definitions

    5. Article 4A.Periods of time

  3. CHAPTER II Principles

    1. Article 5.Principles relating to processing of personal data

    2. Article 6.Lawfulness of processing

    3. Article 7.Conditions for consent

    4. Article 8.Conditions applicable to child's consent in relation to information society services

    5. Article 8ZA.Child’s consent in relation to information society services: age verification

    6. Article 8A.Purpose limitation: further processing

    7. Article 9.Processing of special categories of personal data

    8. Article 10.Processing of personal data relating to criminal convictions and offences

    9. Article 11.Processing which does not require identification

    10. Article 11A.Further provision about processing of special categories of personal data

  4. CHAPTER III Rights of the data subject

    1. Section 1 Transparency and modalities

      1. Article 12.Transparent information, communication and modalities for the exercise of the rights of the data subject

      2. Article 12A..Meaning of “applicable time period”

    2. Section 2 Information and access to personal data

      1. Article 13.Information to be provided where personal data are collected from the data subject

      2. Article 14.Information to be provided where personal data have not been obtained from the data subject

      3. Article 15.Right of access by the data subject

    3. Section 3 Rectification and erasure

      1. Article 16.Right to rectification

      2. Article 17.Right to erasure (‘right to be forgotten’)

      3. Article 18.Right to restriction of processing

      4. Article 19.Notification obligation regarding rectification or erasure of personal data or restriction of processing

      5. Article 20.Right to data portability

    4. Section 4 Right to object ...

      1. Article 21.Right to object

      2. Article 22.Automated individual decision-making, including profiling

    5. Section 4A Automated individual decision-making

      1. Article 22A.Automated processing and significant decisions

      2. Article 22B.Restrictions on automated decision-making

      3. Article 22C.Safeguards for automated decision-making

      4. Article 22D.Further provision about automated decision-making

    6. Section 5 Restrictions

      1. Article 23.Restrictions

  5. CHAPTER IV Controller and processor

    1. Section 1 General obligations

      1. Article 24.Responsibility of the controller

      2. Article 25.Data protection by design and by default

      3. Article 26.Joint controllers

      4. Article 27.Representatives of controllers or processors not established in the United Kingdom

      5. Article 28.Processor

      6. Article 29.Processing under the authority of the controller or processor

      7. Article 30.Records of processing activities

      8. Article 31.Cooperation with the Commissioner

    2. Section 2 Security of personal data

      1. Article 32.Security of processing

      2. Article 33.Notification of a personal data breach to the Commissioner

      3. Article 34.Communication of a personal data breach to the data subject

    3. Section 3 Data protection impact assessment and prior consultation

      1. Article 35.Data protection impact assessment

      2. Article 36.Prior consultation

    4. Section 4 Data protection officer

      1. Article 37.Designation of the data protection officer

      2. Article 38.Position of the data protection officer

      3. Article 39.Tasks of the data protection officer

    5. Section 5 Codes of conduct and certification

      1. Article 40.Codes of conduct

      2. Article 41.Monitoring of approved codes of conduct

      3. Article 42.Certification

      4. Article 43.Certification bodies

  6. CHAPTER V Transfers of personal data to third countries or international organisations

    1. Article 44.General principle for transfers

    2. Article 44A.General principles for transfers

    3. Article 45.Transfers on the basis of an adequacy decision

    4. Article 45A.Transfers approved by regulations

    5. Article 45B.The data protection test

    6. Article 45C.Transfers approved by regulations: monitoring

    7. Article 46.Transfers subject to appropriate safeguards

    8. Article 47.Transfers subject to appropriate safeguards: Binding corporate rules

    9. Article 47A.Transfers subject to appropriate safeguards: further provision

    10. Article 48.Transfers or disclosures not authorised by Union law

    11. Article 49.Derogations for specific situations

    12. Article 49A.Restriction in the public interest

    13. Article 50.International cooperation for the protection of personal data

  7. CHAPTER VI The Commissioner

    1. Section 1 Independent status

      1. Article 51.Monitoring the application of this Regulation

      2. Article 52.Independence

      3. Article 53.General conditions for the members of the supervisory authority

      4. Article 54.Rules on the establishment of the supervisory authority

    2. Section 2 Tasks and powers

      1. Article 55.Competence

      2. Article 56.Competence of the lead supervisory authority

      3. Article 57.Tasks

      4. Article 58.Powers

      5. Article 59.Activity reports

  8. CHAPTER VII Cooperation and consistency

    1. Section 1 Cooperation

      1. Article 60.Cooperation between the lead supervisory authority and the other supervisory authorities concerned

      2. Article 61.Mutual assistance

      3. Article 62.Joint operations of supervisory authorities

    2. Section 2 Consistency

      1. Article 63.Consistency mechanism

      2. Article 64.Opinion of the Board

      3. Article 65.Dispute resolution by the Board

      4. Article 66.Urgency procedure

      5. Article 67.Exchange of information

    3. Section 3 European data protection board

      1. Article 68.European Data Protection Board

      2. Article 69.Independence

      3. Article 70.Tasks of the Board

      4. Article 71.Reports

      5. Article 72.Procedure

      6. Article 73.Chair

      7. Article 74.Tasks of the Chair

      8. Article 75.Secretariat

      9. Article 76.Confidentiality

  9. CHAPTER VIII Remedies, liability and penalties

    1. Article 77.Right to lodge a complaint with the Commissioner

    2. Article 78.Right to an effective judicial remedy against the Commissioner

    3. Article 79.Right to an effective judicial remedy against a controller or processor

    4. Article 80.Representation of data subjects

    5. Article 81.Suspension of proceedings

    6. Article 82.Right to compensation and liability

    7. Article 83.General conditions for imposing administrative fines

    8. Article 84.Penalties

  10. CHAPTER 8A Safeguards for processing for research, archiving or statistical purposes

    1. Article 84A.Research, archives and statistics

    2. Article 84B.Additional requirements when processing for RAS purposes

    3. Article 84C.Appropriate safeguards

    4. Article 84D.Appropriate safeguards: further provision

  11. CHAPTER IX Provisions relating to other specific processing situations

    1. Article 85.Processing and freedom of expression and information

    2. Article 86.Processing and public access to official documents

    3. Article 86A.Processing and national security and defence

    4. Article 87.Processing of the national identification number

    5. Article 88.Processing in the context of employment

    6. Article 89.Safeguards and derogations relating to processing for archiving purposes in the public interest, scientific or historical research purposes or statistical purposes

    7. Article 90.Obligations of secrecy

    8. Article 91.Existing data protection rules of churches and religious associations

  12. CHAPTER 9A Regulations

    1. Article 91A.Regulations made by Secretary of State

  13. CHAPTER X Delegated acts and implementing acts

    1. Article 92.Exercise of the delegation

    2. Article 93.Committee procedure

  14. CHAPTER XI Final provisions

    1. Article 94.Repeal of Directive 95/46/EC

    2. Article 95.Relationship with domestic law made before IP completion day implementing Directive 2002/58/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12th July 2002 concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector

    3. Article 96.Relationship with previously concluded Agreements

    4. Article 97.Commission reports

    5. Article 98.Review of other Union legal acts on data protection

    6. Article 99.Entry into force and application

  15. Signature

    1. ANNEX 1

      LAWFULNESS OF PROCESSING: RECOGNISED LEGITIMATE INTERESTS

      1. 1.Disclosure for purposes of processing described in Article 6(1)(e)

      2. 2.National security, public security and defence

      3. 3.Emergencies

      4. 4.In paragraph 3, “ emergency ” has the same meaning...

      5. 5.Crime

      6. 6.Safeguarding vulnerable individuals

      7. 7.In paragraph 6— “ safeguarding ”, in relation to a...

      8. 8.For the purposes of paragraph 7— (a) protection of an...

    2. ANNEX 2

      PURPOSE LIMITATION: PROCESSING TO BE TREATED AS COMPATIBLE WITH ORIGINAL PURPOSE

      1. 1.Disclosure for purposes of processing described in Article 6(1)(e)

      2. 2.Disclosure for the purposes of archiving in the public interest

      3. 3.Public security

      4. 4.Emergencies

      5. 5.In paragraph 4, “ emergency ” has the same meaning...

      6. 6.Crime

      7. 7.Protection of vital interests of data subjects and others

      8. 8.Safeguarding vulnerable individuals

      9. 9.In paragraph 8— “ safeguarding ”, in relation to a...

      10. 10.For the purposes of paragraph 9— (a) protection of an...

      11. 11.Taxation

      12. 12.Legal obligations

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